Combination-machine for making dustless roads.



L. B. DE CAMP.

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oooooooo No. 637,713. Patented Nov. 2|, |899. L. s. ne cAMP.

COMBINATION MACHINE FOR MAKING DUSTLESS ROADS.

(Application led Feb. 16, 1899.)

I Sheets-Sheet 2.4

N0. 637,7I3. Patented Nov. 2|, I899.

L. B. DE CAMP.

COMBINATION MACHINE FOR MAKING DUSTLESS ROADS.

(Application filed Feb. 16, 1899.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-$heet 3.

N0- 637.7I3. Patented Nov. 2|, |899. L. B. DE CAMP.

COMBINATION MACHINE FOR MAKING DUSTLESS ROADS.

(Application led Feb. 16. 1899.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LYMAN B. DE CAMP, OF ALHAMBRA, CALIFORNIA.

COMBINATION-MACHINE FOR MAKING DUSTLESS ROADS. I

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 637,713, dated November21, 1899. Application filed February 16,1899. Serial No. 705,701. (Nomodel.)

To all whoml t 12mg concern:

Be it known that I, LYMAN B. DE CAMP, residing at Alhambra, in thecounty of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new anduseful Combination-Machine for Making Dustless Roads, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention consists in a machine for making dustless roads byincorporating with the dust of an ordinary earth road oil for thepurpose of holding the dust down, thus to do away with the necessity ofsprinkling with water, also to prevent the road from washing duringrains, to protect against wear and tear and the formation of ruts Yandchuck-holes, and toprovide an elastic covering for the road-bed whichvwill be easy to the horses feet.

My newly-invented machine is adapted for performing in toto the. work ofmaking such a road and may be embodied in such a manner as to be at alltimes ready to perform any of the required functions, or it may havesome of its parts detached in order that the machine may be lightened atthe time of performing some of its functions.

In the process of constructing a road of the character above stated itis necessary to opcrate upon the road-bed a number of times in a numberof dierent ways, and my machine is adapted within itself for performingall of these operations; but all of the parts of the machine are notordinarily called into play at any one time.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention as applied in amachine having detachable drags. i

Figure l is a detached view of the portion of my machine which followsthe oilwagon. The machine in this view is shown with its parts inposition for the final operation Aupon the road. The oil-wagon,with-oil-tank, is ordinarily detached at such operation, and istherefore not shown in this View. Fig. 2 isa side elevation of mymachine with parts in position for distributing the oil preparatory tothe final operation above referred to. In this view the oil-tank wagonis shown with the distributer attached thereto. Fig. 3 is a ,fragmentaldetail plan of the oil-distributing apparatus shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 isa plan View of the machine with the scraper-drag in `position forscraping a portion of the dust toV the middle of the road preparatory toapplying the oil. Portions are broken away to expose the sectionalscraper. The oil-reservoir is omitted from this View, for the reasonthat in practice it is usually removed when using the scraper and alsofor the final operation of mixing the dust and oil. Fig. 5 is a sideelevation in section on line indicated by 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is asectional elevation on line indicated by 6 6, Figs. 1 and 5, lookingrearward in the direction of the arrow. In this View some of the dragsare omitted. The parts are shown in the position shown in Fig.

vl. Fig. 7 is a detached side elevation to show the slip-tongue fordrawing the distributing-machine when it is detached from the oil-tank.

A indicates an oil-reservoir detachably mounted on any suitablecarriage, as B, and provided with downwardlyopening pipes C.

D indicates furrowing-fingers in front of the pipes to make furrows inthe dust to receive the oil.

Eindicates covering-fingers extending behind the pipes to cover the oilwith dust.

F indicates mixing-fingers at the rear of the machine.

The initial purpose. of the furrowing-fingers D is to make a furrow inthe dust in front of the oil-pipe, so that as the machine passesalongeach oil-pipe will deposit a stream of oil in such furrow. Then thecovering-fingers E, touching the ground behind the line of pipes, throwthe dust back into the furrows and on top of the oil. At a subsequentoperation of the machine the fingers D and E and rearwardly-arrangedfingers F are all employed to operare upon the dust to mix the same withthe oil. In practice it is usually not desirable to mix the oil and dustimmediately after the oil has been applied and covered, and for thisreason means are provided for lifting the furrowing and coveringfingers, and means are provided for lifting the rear mixing-fingers Findependently thereof.

G indicates a lever for lifting the furrowing and covering lingers, andH indicates a lever for lifting the rear mixing-fingers F. The object ofthe furrowing and covering fingers is to provide for an evendistribution of the oil, the furrows preventing the oil from iiowingsidewise and the covering of dust preventing any endwise yfiow along thefurrows, and also, causing the oil to be more readily absorbed by thedust.

I indicates drags to follow the covering-fingers E in the finaloperation to crush any' r oil evenly that the pressure ofthe oil passingthrough the oil-distributing pipes O should be practically the same atall times, and in order to treat long stretches of road properly I use atank-wagon J, the tank K oftwhich is ot' sufficient capacity for thispurpose.

L indicates a valved pipe leading from the tank K into the oil-reservoirA. v

M indicates valves-for controlling the flow of oil through the oil-pipesC, respectively. N indicates a rock-shaft witharms n .for

controlling the valves M, respectively.v

i m indicates connectingrods :connecting `the arms n withthe-valve-levers m', respectively.

O indicates a lever for operating th'e rook shaft N.

P indicates ya rack for the lever O to hold the rock-shaft at anyposition to regulate the sizeof the outlets vthrough the valves M.

vide a rock-.shaft Q, operated b indicates standards extending up from4the carriage-frame to hold the oil-reservoir `A, which is provided withpivots a', which rest in bearings b", from which they can be lifted whenvoir.

For operating the fingers D and provided with a finger-lifting bar q,connected therewith by arms q. The rock-shaft is journaled to the frameof the oil-'reservoir carriage, and the fingers D and E are journaled tothe rock-shaft and extend rearwardA in the path ofl the lifting-bar q.

t v q indicatesguards to hold the lingers at` proper distances apart. Yy The lingers D, E, and F are curved to takev in to the dust.

The fingers F are operated by a rock-shaft Q and a finger-lifting barq2, carried bythe l arms Q3 of the rock-shaft practically the same aswith the rock-shaft and bar for the lingers D and The lever H operatesthe rockshaft Q. The fingers F are arranged close together, beingv heldout of contact with each other by washers f on the rock-shaft Q', and

f therefore do not require the guards q', which 6o are shown betweeningers D and E. The

, drags I are fastened to the drag-arms t', respectively,whicharepreferably madeof strapiron-and bent into hooks i at the upper end :tohook over the drag-rod R, fastened to the frame of the carriage B infront of the rockshaft QQ The drags are between the forward' fingers DEand the rearward fingers F. The

the machine.A

itis desired to remove the reser-` and E, I proby the lever Grv vand forthis reason are arranged to be unhooked from the shaft R and removedfrom Y The rod R'y also serves for attaching the scraper-drag S.

s indicates hooked arms fastened to the scraper-drag to hook upon therod R to drag the scraper when the same is to be used.

Iv will now describe the method of using my machine inmaking dustlessroads.

Preferably the distributing-machine will at the outset be detachedl fromthe oil-tank wagon and will be provided witha slip-tongue T. (Shown inFig. 7'.) The work isbegun at a time when the traveled road is'coveredwith dust. Inthe case of well-traveled roads,

where the dust has been crowded from the middle to the sides of theroad-bed, the ma-l chine is first provided with the scraper-drag S, asindicated in Figs. 4 and 5, the bars s being hookedover the drag-bar R,which extends crosswise the frame of the carriage. Then, the severalfingers D E F being raised from the ground, the machine, as shown inFig. 5, will be driven along the road, with the forwardmost end of theslanting scraper-drag S at the side of the dusty portion of the road, sothat the dust will be graded and thrown toward the middle of the road.When the scraper has been dragged along the full length l of the stripto vbe treated at one time, it is driven back upon the other side of theroad, and this is repeated, approaching the middle of the road each timeuntil the dust is evenly distributedover the surface of the road. The

scraper- S is composed of a plurality of secr tions,as s2 s?, hingedtogether, as by the pivot s, the object being to allow thescraper toadjust itself to the cross-sectional lrregularities of the-road. kWhenthe dust has been properlydistributed over the surface of the road, thearms s are unhooked from the drag-rod `R, and the scraper is thendispensed with during the rest of the operation. Then' the slip-tongue-T will be detached and the distributing-machine will be attached by itstongue b to tank-wagon J, the pipe L will be placed in the swivel at,and the valve Z will be opened to allow oil-to How from tank K into thereservoir A, the valvesV M being closed. When the reservoir A has beenilled with oil to the-depth desiredV by the operator, the tank-wagon Kwill be driven forward :by an attendant, and the operator being seatedon the reservoir A will throw the lever G -to lower lthe fingers D and Eto rest their'points upon the ground, and the tank-wagon, with thedistributer attachment with fingers F raised, will be driven along theroad to be treated. The operator will open the valves M sufficiently toallow a required amount of oil to be distributedin the f urrows formedby the furrowing-'ngers D, and hewill regulate the valve Z so as tosupply to the reservoir a,

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practically even depth of oil in the reservoir A, so that the pressureof the oil in the pipes C will be uniform, thereby to distribute the oiluniformly over the road. The oil Ilows into the furrows made by thelingers D, and the fingers E, following behind the pipes at the sides ofthe furrows, throw the dust over into the furrows on top of the oil thusdeposited. After the oil has been deposited and covered with dust it isallowed to remain for a period of, say, half an hour or more, dependingupon the temperature, the character of the dust or soil treated, and thecharacter of the oil applied. Ordinarily a sufficient strip of road istreated at one time to allow the oil first applied to remain covered andundisturbed for half an hour or longer before the operation of applyingthe oil to that strip of road has been finished. The object of allowingthe covered oil to remain undisturbed is to cau se the oil to becomeabsorbed as fully as possible by the dust. When the oil has beendistributed and absorbed by the dust that covers and surrounds it, thetongue b will be released from the tank-wagon, and the slip-tongue Twill again be fastened to tongue b. The drags I will be hooked in placeon the drag-rod R, and the stirring-lingers F, as well as the furrowingand covering fingers D and E,will be lowered to rest their points uponthe ground, and, horses being attached, the machine will then be drivenover the road. The fingers D and E will first turn and stir the dust.Then the drags will crush any oil globules that may be, and then therear stirring-fingers will thoroughly mix and stir the mass, and thisoperation is repeated until all the oil globules are broken up and theoil is thoroughly incorporated with the dust.

The oil should be heated before being put into the oil-tank and shouldbe applied hot. The work should be done on hot days when the dust is hotfrom the heat of the sun.

The drags are preferably only a few inches in width, so thatirregularities in the roadbed will not lift any drag so as to cause itto miss any considerable part of the surface over which it passes.

The fingers being separately hinged or journaled, as set forth, are freeto independently follow the irregularities of the road-bed. The tonguesare made of strap metal and are of sufficient weight to enter the dustto stir it as desired.

Now, having described my inventiomwhat Iclaim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. A combination-machine for making dustless roads comprising a carriageprovided with oil-distributing pipes; dust-furrowing fingers in front ofthe oil-pipes respectively; covering-fingers extending to behind theline of oil-pipes; means for raising and lowering said fingers; meansfor supplying oil to the oil-distributing pipes; dust-stirring ingers;means for raising and lowering the dust-stirring fingers; a barextending crosswise of the machine; and detachable drags hinged to suchbar.

2. A dustless-road-making machine comprising an oil-reservoir mounted ona carriage and provided with down wardly-eXtending oildistributingpipes; furrowing-ingers in front of the pipes; and covering-fingersextending behind the pipes.

3. A dustless-road-inaking machine cornprising an oil-reservoir mountedon a carriage and provided with downwardly-eXtending/oildistributingpipes; furrowing-flngers in front of the pipes; covering-fingersextending behind the pipes; and mixing-fingers at the rear of themachine. s

4. A dustless-road-making machine comprising an oil-reservoir mounted ona carriage and having downwardly-extending oil-pipes; furrowing-ingersin front of the oil-pipes; covering-fingers behind the oil-pipes; dragsbehind the covering-fingers; and mixing-tim gers behind the drags.

5. A dustless-road-making machine provided with a liquid-distributingdevice, with dust-stirring fingers and with drags.

6. A dustless-'road-making machine provided with dust-stirring fingers;dust-mixing fingers; and drags between the stirring-iingers andmixing-fingers.

7. A dustless-road-making machine provided with a liquid-distributingdevice; duststirring lingers at the front means for raising and loweringsaid ngers; dust-mixing fingers at the rear; and means for raising and Ylowering the dust-mixing fingers.

8. A dustless-road-making machine provided with a liquid-distributingdevice and Witha cross-bar; and provided with ngers to operate upon thedust; and detachable drags attached to said cross-bar to drag behind theliquid-distributing device.

9. A dustless-road-making machine provided with furrowing-ngers anoil-reservoir with valve-controlled downwardly-openingdistributing-pipes arranged above the path of the furrowing-fingers; andcovering-fingers arranged behind such pipes on each side of the path otthe turrowing-nngers.

lO. A dustless-road-making machine cornprising an oil-tank on acarriage; an oil-reservoir mounted on the carriage behind the oiltank; avalved pipe leading from the tank to the oil-reservoir; pipes openingdownward from the oil-reservoir; valves for controlling the pipes; arock-shaft with arms for controlling such valves; connecting-rodsoperatively connecting the arms with the valve-levers, respectively; andmeans for operatingthe'rocb shaft.

11. A dustless-road-making machine comprising a carriage with areservoir and distributing-pipes opening downward therefrom; a cross-baron the frame of the carriage; drags hinged to the cross-bar and arrangedto drag upon the ground; and narrow stirring-fingers arranged behind thepipes to cover the path of the drags.

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12. A dustless-road-making machine comprisingan oil-tank'vwagon Withoil-tank thereon a distributing-machine behind the Wagon and hitchedthereto; an oi1-reservoir on the distributing machine and providedwithvalved oil -pipes leading downward therefrom; and a valved pipe leadingfrom the oiltank to the oil-reservoir. v

13. An oilfdistributer for dustiess-roadmaking machines comprising acarriage having dust-stirring iingers; a detachable oil-reservoirmounted on the carriage and having oil-distributing pipes; valves forcontrolling the pipes; a rockfshaft journaled to the reservoir-andoperatively connected With the 'Valves and provided with a lever; and arack fastened to the reservoir.

LYMAN B. DE CAMP.

Witnesses:

J AMES R. TOWNSEND, F. M. TOWNSEND.

